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Insight de inversión ciudadana en proyectos sostenibles

La inversión ciudadana en renovables

La inversión ciudadana en renovables permite a los ciudadanos obtener parte de los beneficios que generan los proyectos invirtiendo desde pequeñas cantidades en ellos y recibiendo un retorno económico a cambio.

De esta forma, los promotores reciben parte de la financiación que necesitan para sus proyectos y los ciudadanos son compensados por la contribución de los territorios a la transición energética, sintiéndose así parte de ella.

En este informe, conocerás cómo se está impulsando en España y qué se ha hecho hasta ahora.

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Benefits

de la inversión ciudadana en renovables
Contribute to a just transition
The participation of local communities by investing in the projects that are developed in their area ensures that these projects are deployed with a positive impact on the territory.
Improving social perception
Participating in the projects makes citizens feel part of the energy transition and improves their perception of it, especially if they do not need to enter into the capital of the project to make a profit.
Spread the benefits
Part of the income from the projects is collected directly by local investors. Fundeen alone has already distributed more than 4,8 M€ in profits.
Boosting renewable projects
Gaining the support of the population and sharing benefits accelerates the implementation of projects and prevents them from being paralysed by social conflicts.

How is civic investment being promoted in Spain?

Citizen investment is a tried and tested solution in Spain. It has been part of autonomous regional regulations and national aid competitions in recent years.

Acknowledgement

CNMV-recognised platforms have emerged that channel investment in a simple, reliable and secure way, and are responsible for distributing the profits.

Dozens of projects

There are already dozens of projects in Spain. Some have managed to finance close to €2 million in just a few days.

Projects funded and profits distributed by Fundeen

42 funded projects

Fundeen is the leading co-investment platform for renewable generation projects in Spain, trusted by more than 21000 people like you.

Mapa de España de proyectos financiados
+44 M €
of euros invested in renewable projects
+5 M €
of euros in profits returned to co-investors
42 proyectos
co-financed already produce renewable energy

At regional level

Several regional laws have incorporated the obligation to open up the financing or capital of projects to citizen investment or declare strategic projects and speed up the processing of those that do.

  1. Law 10/2019 on Climate Change and Energy Transition of the Balearic Islands².

    March 2019Islas Baleares

  2. October 2021Cataluña

    Decree Law 24/2021 on accelerating the deployment of renewable energy in Catalonia³.

  3. Law 4/2022 on Energy Transition in Navarre⁴.

    April 2022Navarra

  4. February 2024Pais Vasco

    Law 1/2024 on Energy Transition and Climate Change of the Basque Country⁵.

  5. Decree-Law 5/2024 amending the law on climate change in the Canary Islands⁶.

    June 2024Islas Canarias

  6. October 2024Galicia

    Law 2/2024, on the promotion of the social and economic benefits of projects using Galicia's natural resources⁷.

At the national level

Citizen investment is one of the usual positive externalities in the assessment criteria of aid and incentive programmes at national and regional level, and of the best practice guides.

  1. Just Transition Competitions⁸

    November 2021Instituto para la transisicón justa

  2. July 2022Ministerio para la transicción ecológica

    Auctions of the economic regime for renewable energy⁹.

  3. Aid for circular wind repowering¹⁰.

    November 2022Plan de recuperación, transformación y resiliencia

  4. January 2023IDAE

    Support for innovative storage projects¹¹

  5. Roadmap "Renewables with the Territory"¹².

    February 2024Red española para el desarrollo sostenible

  6. July 2024Ministerio para la transicción ecológica

    Aid for innovative renewable energy projects¹³

What are other countries doing?

Francia
  • The renewable auctions offer bonuses to citizen-invested projects, which can also obtain an official green growth label.
  • Some 500 projects have been financed through citizen investment and some companies have agreements with banks to improve economic returns.
Alemania
  • Local cooperatives and investors often collaborate with public credit institutions and cooperative banks to improve participation conditions.
  • Some of the leading investment platforms in Europe, such as Exporo, have begun to channel investment in renewables, due to their great reception.
Reino Unido
  • It has promoted innovative financial instruments (ISAs) that allow tax-free interest and dividends to be earned on their investment in investee projects.
  • The main crowdfunding platforms have channelled more than 300 million in the last five years.
Países Bajos
  • Ambitious national targets for citizen investment in renewables have been adopted, and each region must design a strategy according to these targets.
  • More than 275 million have been channelled into 225 renewable and circular economy projects. Some have exceeded €20 million in investment demand.

What barriers prevent citizen investment from maximising its impact?

Barriers

Solutions

Lack of dissemination. If not regulated, uninterested promoters may make vague, unapproachable offers that do not allow citizens to learn about the opportunities.
Establish, by law, the obligation for promoters to publicise the citizen investment opportunity and to allocate a minimum amount to marketing and advertising.
Investment deadlines. Some of the regulations do not stipulate how long participation must be open or must be submitted when the projects are not yet mature.
Introduce a commitment to open participation for a minimum period of time, at least until the projects are firm and citizens can take a greater interest.
Financial conditions. If minimum financial conditions are not specified, below-market conditions may be offered.
Guarantee, by law, minimum financial conditions and consider public guarantees or tax deductions for investment in renewable projects.
Restrictions on investment. Some regulations limit participation to local investors, with restrictive conditions to be considered as such.
Consider local investors to be those who have their residence or place of origin in the municipality and can prove this by means of a responsible declaration.

Opinions

of independent organisations
Red Española de Desarrollo Sostenible.

Legislation should be amended to make it mandatory to open up a portion of the capital and financing of plants to the public.

Greenpeace

Projects must not only obtain environmental clearance but also establish a good and lasting relationship with communities, with measures such as citizen participation in projects.

Universidad de Deusto

The advantage of participation in funding is the ability to reach a larger number of investors, which would not be possible without online platforms.

Observatorio de Transición Justa.

Establishing a mechanism for local participation in projects must be part of a way of working that defines companies and makes them stand out.

UNEF

Participation in the financing of the plant empowers the inhabitants of the community, who also become promoters of the project, and helps to create a local awareness that can be transferred to other nearby municipalities.

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